How to reheat leftovers

Here's how to reheat leftovers:

• Use up your fridge leftovers within two days.
• If you’re taking leftovers from the freezer, eat within 24 hours. Make sure they’re thoroughly defrosted before heating, by leaving them in the fridge or using a microwave.
• Reheat food until piping hot throughout. If you’re using a microwave, be aware they do not heat evenly throughout, so take your food out halfway through cooking time and give it a stir.
• Don’t reheat leftovers more than once. If you have a big pot of soup, for example, it’s better to take out what you need and reheat it in a smaller pan. Equally, the NHS recommends that you don't refreeze leftovers. This is because the more times you cool and reheat food, the higher the risk of food poisoning. Bacteria can multiply when cooled too slowly or reheated insufficiently.
• Foods should be heated until they reach and maintain 70ºC or above for 2 minutes.

2. How to store food properly

Christmas leftovers are always popular and with so many elements and people involved it’s especially important to be vigilant at this time of year. If a surplus of food is likely, start cooling what you don’t need quickly – ideally, you’ll get your leftovers into the fridge within 90 minutes. Here’s how:

• Transfer food out of a hot pan, away from the heat source so that it’s not being kept warm through the residual heat.
• If it’s a big quantity, transferring it into a large, shallow dish will help the heat to dissipate. Give thick soups and stews a stir from time to time if necessary.
• Don’t leave foods out for hours or, even worse, overnight.

3. Make sure to cool food thoroughly

Food should be thoroughly cooled before putting it in the fridge or freezer, otherwise you risk increasing the temperature in your fridge and creating an environment where bacteria multiply. This could affect your leftovers as well as other foods stored there. Your fridge should always remain below 5ºC. What to do:

• Keep a stash of lidded containers so that you have something to store your leftovers in. Use freezer bags if you don’t have space to store a lot of containers. You can also now buy bags especially for soups and stews.
• Keep your leftovers well sealed and separate. Raw meat and poultry, seafood, eggs, dairy products, pre-packaged food and soft cheeses are among the foods at higher risk of causing food poisoning. Keeping foods separate and well covered helps to combat potential cross-contamination. Take a look at our guide on how to store food.
• If you know you’ll be able to eat the leftovers within two days, pop them in the fridge.
• If there’s a large quantity which you’re unlikely to get through, portion it up and freeze it once cooled, rather than waiting for a few days then freezing it. Take a look at our guide to freezing for handy tips.

4. Be careful of reheating some foods

Some foods, for example those high in protein, may be more prone to causing food poisoning, but the simple rule is that all leftovers need to be cooled quickly, stored properly and eaten within the recommended amount of time.

Having said that, reheating rice is particularly tricky as it can contain a type of bacteria that's resistant to heat. The longer cooked rice is left at room temperature, the more likely it is that the rice will become unsafe to eat. Ideally only cook as much as you need but if you find you have leftovers, cool within one hour and store in the fridge. Eat within 24 hours, and if you're reheating it make sure it's piping hot throughout before serving.

5. How to avoid food poisoning

Never assume that if something smells ok, that it’s safe to eat. Handling leftovers is only half the story when it comes to steering clear of food poisoning. Take a look at the NHS’ 10 ways to avoid food poisoning and find out more about the other common causes. The Food Standards Agency provides additional information on different types of food poisoning and how to avoid it.

Recipes and tips for leftovers

It’s easy to create delicious meals from leftovers and best of all it lowers your food waste. Try these recipe collections:

Family dinner ideas for Christmas leftovers
Leftovers recipes: how to avoid food waste
The best leftover chicken recipes
Top 10 ways to use up leftover bread
What to do with leftover lamb
25 ways to use up leftovers

This article was last updated in November 2023.

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