What does organic mean?
What’s the difference between organic and non-organic fruit, vegetables and animal products? Our nutritionist lays out the facts
With an increasing amount of UK land converted to organic food production and more consumers choosing to buy this produce, what do you need to know about organic food and is it worth the extra pennies? Read on to learn more.
What does ‘organic’ mean?
The term 'organic' can only be applied to products that fulfil certain criteria. This includes agricultural products, livestock and foods that are produced and prepared in accordance with detailed standards, laid down by law. These standards include requirements for record keeping, labelling, marketing, and an inspection and certification system.
Products described as organic must not contain any genetically modified or irradiated material and must be the product of a farming system which avoids the use of man-made fertilisers, pesticides, growth regulators and livestock feed additives. Furthermore, by law, organic growers, processors and importers must be registered and inspected by an approved organic certification body.
Is organic food healthier than non-organic food? Read our expert guide to find out. You can also discover the best fruit and vegetable boxes, with plenty of organic options.
How does organic farming differ?
Organic agriculture is a way of farming that pays close attention to nature by using fewer chemicals on the land such as artificial fertilisers. It is a method that is considered to be more sustainable in the longer term, resulting in better soil quality, fewer greenhouse gas emissions, less use of heavy machinery and fewer demands on environmental resources, such as water. All of which may result in more wildlife and biodiversity and reduces the use of veterinary medicines, such as antibiotics. Organic farming can also offer benefits for animal welfare, as animals are required to be kept in more natural, free-range conditions.
What does ‘organic’ on a food label mean?
The label ‘organic’ indicates that at least 95% of the ingredients in a composite product are organically produced. While a small percentage of non-organic ingredients may be used, they must be from an approved list, and all artificial colourings and sweeteners are banned.
Foods, labelled ‘organic’, must be approved by an organic certification body, which carries out regular inspections to ensure the food meets the strict regulations that determine production methods and labelling. One example is the Soil Association which is often considered the gold standard in the UK.
Other certification bodies and logos to look out for include:
The Green leaf
Any product sold as organic within the EU, must carry the green leaf logo and include the certification number of the body that performed the inspection.
Organic Farmers and Growers (OF&G)
In 1992 OF&G became one of the first UK organic certification body to be approved by the UK Government and now certify more than 30% of the UK organic sector.
Established in 1986, the Organic Food Federation is now one of the largest certification bodies operating in the UK.
Biodynamic Certification (BDA)
Certifying organic production since the 1990s, the BDA may in addition to organic certification, certify those farmers and growers who meet biodynamic criteria.
Will organic produce cost me more?
Organic foods are generally more expensive because of the higher costs of this form of farming which includes increased labour, the use of natural feeds, the need for buffer zones between organically farmed and conventionally farmed land, the transition period required - which may be as long as two years or more and the cost of certification.
The best value organic food is likely to be bought directly from a farmer or producer, either via a box scheme, farmers market or farm shop. Unfortunately, most of us are unable to access organic food directly and therefore it tends to be more expensive than the non-organic equivalent, available in many supermarkets. Nevertheless, it is always worth shopping around as some organic products may cost less than the premium non-organic equivalent.
If you are on a tight budget but would like to buy more organic food, then you could try prioritising your purchases. Seasonal produce such as salad leaves and herbs in the summer and brassica vegetables in the winter are likely to be better value, or you could focus on the ‘dirty dozen,’ the twelve most contaminated fruit and vegetables according to the US based Environmental Working Group (EWG).
Why do people choose organic?
There are many reasons why someone might choose organic – these may include improved taste, for health reasons, to avoid pesticides and a concern for the environment. The organic movement promotes a healthier soil and it stands to reason that in the long run, organic farming is better for soil quality and biodiversity. However, let’s not forget that the most important factor in your diet, as far as fruit and vegetables are concerned, is to eat a plentiful variety, regardless of whether they are organic or not.
If budgets are tight it’s worth remembering that many small, local producers adopt organic practices but can’t afford the cost of organic certification. You can find many of these producers at farmer’s markets. Buying locally, from one of these markets, allows you direct access to the producer and all of his/her knowledge of their product.
For more information on organic foods visit The Soil Association website.
Liked this? Now read...
Is organic healthier?
10 budget 'superfood' swaps
Top tips for healthy eating on a budget
What is the cheapest healthy diet?
Are frozen fruits & vegetables good for you?
This article was reviewed on 19th September 2024 by Kerry Torrens.
Jo Williams is a registered nutritionist (RNutr) with the Association for Nutrition with a specialism in public health. Follow her on Twitter @nutri_jo.
All health content on goodfood.com is provided for general information only, and should not be treated as a substitute for the medical advice of your own doctor or any other health care professional. If you have any concerns about your general health, you should contact your local health care provider. See our website terms and conditions for more information.
Comments, questions and tips
